Saturday, March 1, 2014

EMI/EMC issues in designs

Hi all. I'm an electronics engineer and working in electronics R&D for a long time.

EMI/EMC problems in electronics modules:
Recently I've started working in EMI/EMC and ESD testing of electronics systems. I've seen systems fail in electromagnetic environment.
Some time back I was involved in emi/emc test of an electronics timer module. The test was radiated susceptibility test from 2MHz to 40GHz. The system was shielded for protection against electromagnetic radiation. I kept 2 units of the same system for test with one shielded and one without shielding. What I observed was interesting. Both the units malfunctioned during the test but the frequencies at which this happened were different for both the units. Obviously, the shielding was not perfect otherwise the unit wouldn't have malfunctioned. The shielding was having small slits and gaps for connectors and wires. The difference in frequency was around 120MHz approx. The shielding was connected to the ground of the unit and the units were battery operated devices having microcontroller, ICs and coil based relays.

My question is, what effect does a shielding make on the frequencies at which the unit malfunctions?

ESD Problems:
The same unit I tested for ESD. The voltage was 25kV. During the test, the unit malfunctioned. The malfunction was delay in time.

What could be the reason of this malfunction? can the static can be stored in some components like capacitors, coils, etc.?